Achieving more Efficient Deployment in the Cloud-Native World with GitOps
In the fast-paced world of software development, agile and robust methods are in demand that enable fast, repeatable, and reliable deployment processes. GitOps, a term first coined by Weaveworks (2017), has established itself as one such method. This technique uses Git as the “single source of truth” for the declaration and management of infrastructure and applications. In this blog post, I will explain exactly what GitOps means and how it is best used in conjunction with Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) pipelines and modern tools such as GitLab CI/CD and ArgoCD.
What is GitOps?
GitOps is a method that relies on Git as a tool for version control and source code management to simplify the automation and management of infrastructures and applications. By using Git as a central control instrument, changes and updates are initiated via merge/pull requests and automatically implemented after approval. This not only promotes the transparency of all changes, but also security and compliance, as every step remains traceable and verifiable. The Git repository always contains the status that is also deployed.
How Does GitOps Work?
This diagram illustrates the process from code development to deployment in the production cluster. Here is a step-by-step explanation of the individual components and how they interact:
- 1
Source Code Repo (Code): This is where the source code of the app itself is located, and where the developers work on code changes. Developers should only write code here; all CI/CD must function completely automatically.
- 2
Deployment Repo (Infrastructure): Developers, or rather the platform team, push deployment manifests (e.g., Helm Charts, Kustomize configurations, ArgoCD Apps) into a Git repository. This repo is the central source of truth for infrastructure definitions.
- 3
CI Pipeline: As soon as changes are made in the Git repository, a Continuous Integration (CI) pipeline is triggered. CI tools such as GitLab CI/CD or GitHub Actions perform tasks such as building the code, running tests, and performing quality checks.
- 4
Images Registry (Docker Registry/Hub): After successful integration, the resulting application container images are sent to an images registry (e.g., Harbor or Docker Hub), where they are available for future deployments.
- 5
Pull Changes: ArgoCD constantly monitors the Infra Repository for changes. If it detects a change, it “pulls” it to update the configuration in the Kubernetes cluster. Since ArgoCD fetches changes from the Infra Repo, the CI/CD system does not require any access to Kubernetes.
- 6
CD Pipeline (ArgoCD): The Continuous Deployment (CD) pipeline with ArgoCD takes over the synchronization between the desired state defined in the Git repo and the actual state in the Kubernetes cluster.
- 7
Constant Sync: ArgoCD ensures that the state of the Kubernetes cluster always corresponds to the desired state defined in the deployment repo. In the event of deviations, ArgoCD independently makes adjustments to ensure conformity.
Through this workflow, GitOps enables a reproducible, declarative, and version-controlled approach to application deployment. Developers can control infrastructure and applications by making changes in the Git repository, which enables a clear history of changes and simplified traceability.
Advantages of GitOps
In Summary
GitOps revolutionizes the way companies manage their development and operational processes by providing a robust, secure, and transparent method for managing infrastructures and applications. By using tools such as ArgoCD in a GitOps-based workflow, companies can accelerate their deployment cycles and operate their systems more efficiently. This leads to a significant improvement in development quality and operational stability, which ultimately supports business success.
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